Monday, April 30, 2012

Computers Plus Exercise Equals Better Memory Function: Study

Computers Plus Exercise Equals Better Memory Function: Study

Keep typing and take a walk every day to prevent memory loss -- that's the message behind the Mayo Clinic's most recent study about brain function.

"We know that physical exercise is independently associated with cognitive function, and in 2010, our group reported that moderate physical exercise seemed to be beneficial as well," Dr. Yonas Geda, an associate professor of neurology and psychology and a physician scientist with the Mayo Clinic, told The Huffington Post Canada. "So we asked a simple question - how about if we combine the two?"

The study looked at the computer usage and physical activity of 926 people, ages 70 to 93, and assessed whether or not the subjects were experiencing mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a stage defined by professionals as being between normal aging and more pronounced form of dementia.

For the subjects who neither exercised nor used a computer, 20.1 per cent were cognitively normal and 37.6 per cent showed signs of MCI. Those who exercised and used computer almost flipped the numbers exactly -- 36 per cent were cognitively normal, and 18.3 per cent showed signs of MCI.

"We found there was indeed a synergistic action between computer activities and physical exercise," says Dr. Gepa, referring to the process wherein two elements create a result not possible with either on its own.

Moderate exercise has been linked to increased memory function in many studies, and Dr. Gepa feels this indicates his results would translate to younger populations as well.

The best results were for those who exercised moderately five to six times a week, but even once a week was helpful, Dr. Gepa emphasizes. "You should never underestimate any small amount of activity," he says.

He referred to Dr. James Levine's NEAT (Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis) research, which posits that all the small movements we make throughout the day can add up to the kind of activity we need for both physical and mental health.

SEE: Small changes you can make in your own life to increase physical activity:

  • Hang Dry Your Clothes

    The next time you're lucky enough to have a hot and sunny day, don't think of it as a opportunity to hide in your fortress of air conditioning, but rather as a chance to let your clothes hang to dry. By hanging your clothes to dry instead of using a machine dryer, you make more movements and save money on your electricity bill. It's a win-win manoeuvre.

  • Hand Wash And Dry Your Dishes

    Ask yourself this: "do three plates really justify using a dishwasher?" Your probably already know the answer, so break out those rubber gloves and get washing. Just think of all the extra calories you're burning instead of being a slave to a water-guzzling machine.

  • Toss The Takeout Menu

    Stop reaching for the phone and reach for a knife and cutting board instead. After all, what business does a person trying to be healthy have <em>ordering food</em> from a takeout joint?

  • Park As Far Away As Possible

    If you're looking to squeeze in any extra exercise in your hectic schedule, try parking a little bit further from the entrance of your workplace. The extra distance will allow you to burn some calories -- or at the very least, prepare you for the eight-hour grind that's to come.

  • Opt For Stairs Whenever Possible

    The hierarchy of transportation in buildings is as follows: stairs > escalators > elevators, both in terms of calories burned and in efficiency. Think about the last time you had to wait for an elevator: Couldn't have all that time you spent standing aimlessly been put to use by taking the stairs?

  • Ditch The Remote

    In an age of PVR, Netflix and Apple TV, the remote is your best friend. But the next time an irritating commercial comes up or you're sick of that Seinfeld re-run, try getting up, walking to the TV and manually changing the channel. Now, repeat the exercise every time that happens and you've got yourself a recipe for a workout.

  • Cleaning Your Windows

    Why hire a professional window cleaner when you can get a workout and save money in the process? Between the stretching, the repetitive motion of squeegeeing, and climbing up and down on a step ladder, window cleaning in an easy way to burn calories and save a few bucks too.

  • Pick Up A Push Mower

    If you want a surefire way to burn calories this summer, give the poor kid down the street a break and mow your own lawn. And if you really want to push yourself, invest in a push mower. They're quiet, require next to no maintenance and you can keep all that extra gas that would have gone to a power mower where it belongs: in your car.

  • Pick Up A Rake

    Picture this: a beautiful autumn day with hues of orange, red, and yellow juxtaposed across a clear blue sky... all ruined because the jerk next door decided to rev up the leaf blower. Don't be that jerk neighbour. Instead, opt to rake your leaves, as it's an easy opportunity to burn some calories during a season when most people are stuffing themselves with Thanksgiving dinner.

  • Hand Wash Your Car

    It's tempting to take your car in for a touchless car wash but just think of all those potential movements you could be making going down the drain instead. Between the lifting of heavy buckets of soapy water and stretching out to make sure you don't miss a spot, hand washing a car provides plenty of exercise in an era of luxury and convenience.

Hang Dry Your Clothes
The next time you're lucky enough to have a hot and sunny day, don't think of it as a opportunity to hide in your fortress of air conditioning, but rather as a chance to let your clothes hang to dry. By hanging your clothes to dry instead of using a machine dryer, you make more movements and save money on your electricity bill. It's a win-win manoeuvre.

Hand Wash And Dry Your Dishes
Ask yourself this: "do three plates really justify using a dishwasher?" Your probably already know the answer, so break out those rubber gloves and get washing. Just think of all the extra calories you're burning instead of being a slave to a water-guzzling machine.

Toss The Takeout Menu
Stop reaching for the phone and reach for a knife and cutting board instead. After all, what business does a person trying to be healthy have ordering food from a takeout joint?

Park As Far Away As Possible
If you're looking to squeeze in any extra exercise in your hectic schedule, try parking a little bit further from the entrance of your workplace. The extra distance will allow you to burn some calories -- or at the very least, prepare you for the eight-hour grind that's to come.

Opt For Stairs Whenever Possible
The hierarchy of transportation in buildings is as follows: stairs > escalators > elevators, both in terms of calories burned and in efficiency. Think about the last time you had to wait for an elevator: Couldn't have all that time you spent standing aimlessly been put to use by taking the stairs?

Ditch The Remote
In an age of PVR, Netflix and Apple TV, the remote is your best friend. But the next time an irritating commercial comes up or you're sick of that Seinfeld re-run, try getting up, walking to the TV and manually changing the channel. Now, repeat the exercise every time that happens and you've got yourself a recipe for a workout.

Cleaning Your Windows
Why hire a professional window cleaner when you can get a workout and save money in the process? Between the stretching, the repetitive motion of squeegeeing, and climbing up and down on a step ladder, window cleaning in an easy way to burn calories and save a few bucks too.

Pick Up A Push Mower
If you want a surefire way to burn calories this summer, give the poor kid down the street a break and mow your own lawn. And if you really want to push yourself, invest in a push mower. They're quiet, require next to no maintenance and you can keep all that extra gas that would have gone to a power mower where it belongs: in your car.

Pick Up A Rake
Picture this: a beautiful autumn day with hues of orange, red, and yellow juxtaposed across a clear blue sky... all ruined because the jerk next door decided to rev up the leaf blower. Don't be that jerk neighbour. Instead, opt to rake your leaves, as it's an easy opportunity to burn some calories during a season when most people are stuffing themselves with Thanksgiving dinner.

Hand Wash Your Car
It's tempting to take your car in for a touchless car wash but just think of all those potential movements you could be making going down the drain instead. Between the lifting of heavy buckets of soapy water and stretching out to make sure you don't miss a spot, hand washing a car provides plenty of exercise in an era of luxury and convenience.

Contribute to this Story:



Source: www.huffingtonpost.ca

Pazopanib (Votrient)

On April 26, 2012, the U. S. Food and Drug Administration approved pazopanib tablets (VOTRIENT, a registered Trademark of GlaxoSmithKline) for the treatment of patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) who have received prior chemotherapy. The efficacy of pazopanib for the treatment of patients with adipocytic STS or gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) has not been demonstrated.

The approval is based on a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial in patients with metastatic STS who had received prior chemotherapy, including an anthracycline. 

The trial enrolled 369 patients who were randomly allocated (2:1) to receive pazopanib 800 mg orally once daily (N=246) or placebo (N=123). Treatment continued until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, and/or consent withdrawal. The majority of patients were female (59%), and the median age was 55.Forty-three percent of patients had leiomyosarcoma, 10% had synovial sarcoma, and 47% had other soft tissue sarcomas. Fifty-six percent had received 2 or more prior systemic therapies. The median treatment duration was 4.5 and 1.9 months for patients on the pazopanib and placebo arms, respectively.

A statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) in patients receiving pazopanib compared to those receiving placebo was demonstrated [HR 0.35 (95% CI: 0.26, 0.48; p< 0.001, log-rank test)]. The median PFS was 4.6 and 1.6 months for patients on the pazopanib and placebo arms, respectively. The PFS improvement in the 3 pre-specified histological subgroups of leiomyosarcoma (HR=0.37; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.60), synovial sarcoma (HR=0.43; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.98) and other soft tissue sarcomas (HR=0.39; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.60) was consistent with the PFS improvement in the overall population.

The objective response rate was 4% for patients receiving pazopanib; no patient in the placebo arm was noted to have a response. At the protocol-specified final analysis of overall survival, the median survival was 12.6 and 10.7 months for patients on the pazopanib and placebo arms, respectively (HR=0.87; 95% CI: 0.67, 1.12).

The most common (≥20%) adverse reactions in STS patients treated with pazopanib were fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, weight loss, hypertension, decreased appetite, vomiting, tumor pain, hair color changes, musculoskeletal pain, headache, dysgeusia, dyspnea and skin hypopigmentation. Other significant adverse reactions reported in pazopanib-treated STS patients included hepatic toxicity, arterial and venous thrombotic events, hemorrhage, gastrointestinal perforation and fistula formation, pneumothorax and left ventricular dysfunction.

The recommended dose and schedule of pazopanib is 800 mg orally once daily, administered without food (at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal).

Full prescribing information, including Boxed Warning for severe and fatal hepatotoxicity, clinical trial information, safety, dosing, drug-drug interactions and contraindications is available at: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/022465s-010S-012lbl.pdf

Healthcare professionals should report all serious adverse events suspected to be associated with the use of any medicine and device to FDA’s MedWatch Reporting System by completing a form online at http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/report.htm, by faxing (1-800-FDA-0178) or mailing the postage-paid address form provided online, or by telephone (1-800-FDA-1088).

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Credit

Two-Drug Therapy Helped Kids With Type 2 Diabetes

Two-Drug Therapy Helped Kids With Type 2 Diabetes

SUNDAY, April 29 (HealthDay News) -- Children with type 2 diabetes may achieve better blood sugar control with a combination of two drugs, metformin and Avandia, than with metformin alone, a new study suggests.

However, Avandia (rosiglitazone) was recently linked to an increased risk of heart attack and stroke, so it may not be the best drug for these young patients, experts say.

"Many kids with type 2 have a rapidly progressive disease requiring early onset of insulin therapy, and current approaches to oral therapy may be inadequate," said lead researcher Dr. Philip Zeitler, a professor of medicine at the University of Colorado, Denver.

Zeitler noted that the choice of Avandia as a companion medication was made in 2002, before the cardiac problems with the drug were known.

"Given the problems with rosiglitazone, we are not recommending it at this time," he said. "However, no problems with rosiglitazone have been noted in [the study participants] to date, though the cohort size is too small for a thorough safety analysis."

The report was published online April 29 in the New England Journal of Medicine, to coincide with a planned presentation of the finding at the Pediatric Academic Societies' annual meeting in Boston. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases funded the research.

For the study, almost 700 obese children, aged 10 to 17, with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to metformin alone, metformin plus Avandia or metformin along with intensive lifestyle changes in diet and exercise.

Over the course of 46 months, the researchers found that metformin alone did not adequately control blood sugar levels in 51.7 percent of patients. Among those who received metformin and lifestyle changes, 46.6 percent did not have their blood sugar controlled.

However, among those taking metformin and Avandia, blood sugar levels were not well-controlled in only 38.6 percent of patients, the researchers found.

In addition, blood sugar control was harder to achieve in black and Hispanic children, they added.

"Metformin is probably not as effective as we've assumed, and additional treatment approaches are urgently needed in this population of adolescents with a steadily progressive form of diabetes," Zeitler said.

In terms of lifestyle changes, Zeitler isn't sure why they didn't work better. Part of the reason may be tied to children's reluctance to adopt new diet and exercise habits, he said.

Dr. Joel Zonszein, director of the clinical diabetes center at Montefiore Medical Center in New York City, said that "type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents is a calamity, because we don't have any good medications."

Type 2 diabetes in children is particularly aggressive and can lead to heart and liver problems at a very young age, he said.

"It is not surprising that combination is better than mono-therapy," Zonszein said. "We want to be aggressive in treating type 2 diabetes in children, but we have to balance the risk and benefits of these drugs. But, we really don't have good data and good medications to treat children."

Another expert, Dr. Spyros Mezitis, an endocrinologist at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City, added that "we need a whole new set of studies to see how to treat type 2 diabetes in children."

Dr. David B. Allen, from the department of pediatrics at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health in Madison, said that "calories consumed in excess of expended is leading to an epidemic of early-life type 2 diabetes, the burden of which is falling disproportionately on disadvantaged youth."

This latest study shows that, once children develop the condition, it is very difficult to prevent deterioration in spite of intensive lifestyle changes or medications, he said.

More information

For more on diabetes, visit the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

SOURCES: Philip Zeitler, M.D., Ph.D., professor, medicine, University of Colorado, Denver; Joel Zonszein, M.D., director, clinical diabetes center, Montefiore Medical Center, New York City; Spyros Mezitis, M.D., endocrinologist, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York City; David B. Allen, M.D., department of pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison; April 29, 2012, New England Journal of Medicine, online


Source: health.msn.com

Sunday, April 29, 2012

Parents' Poor Math Skills May = Medication Errors

SATURDAY, April 28 (HealthDay News) -- Parents with poor math skills are more likely than others to give incorrect doses of medicine to their children, a new study finds.

The study included 289 parents of children younger than 8 years who were prescribed a short course of liquid medication after being seen in a pediatric emergency department. The parents were given three tests to assess their math and reading skills, and researchers also watched the parents as they measured out a dose of the medication prescribed for their child.

Nearly one-third of the parents had low reading skills and 83 percent had poor math skills. Twenty-seven percent had math skills at the third-grade level or below.

Overall, 41 percent of the parents made a medication-dosing error. Parents with math skills at or below the third-grade level were nearly five times more likely to make a medication-dosing error than those with math skills at the sixth-grade level or higher.

The study was scheduled for presentation Saturday at the Pediatric Academic Societies annual meeting in Boston.

"Parents face many challenges as they seek to administer medications to their children in a safe and effective manner," study co-author Dr. H. Shonna Yin, an assistant professor of pediatrics at New York University School of Medicine and Bellevue Hospital Center, said in an American Academy of Pediatrics news release.

"Dosing liquid medications correctly can be especially confusing, as parents may need to understand numerical concepts such as how to convert between different units of measurement, like milliliters, teaspoons and tablespoons. Parents also must accurately use dosing cups, droppers and syringes, many of which vary in their measurement markings and the volume they hold," Yin noted.

These study findings "point to a need to examine whether strategies that specifically address parent math skills can help reduce medication errors in children," Yin added. "In addition, recognition of the importance of addressing numeracy skills may be helpful for health care providers as they seek to improve their communication of medication instructions."

The authors said having health care providers review and give parents pictures of dosing instruments filled to the correct amount for that prescription may be beneficial.

Data and conclusions presented at medical meetings should be considered preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed medical journal.

More information

The Nemours Foundation offers advice to parents about medication safety.

News Source

Study Recommends Putting Your Left Face Forward

Study Recommends Putting Your Left Face Forward

FRIDAY, April 27 (HealthDay News) -- People show more emotion on the left side of their face, and that may help explain why that side typically appears more pleasant to others, researchers say.

Scientists from Wake Forest University said the findings may also help explain why portraits painted by Western artists often feature left-side profiles. The report is scheduled for online publication in the journal Experimental Brain Research.

"Our results suggest that posers' left cheeks tend to exhibit a greater intensity of emotion, which observers find more aesthetically pleasing," study authors Kelsey Blackburn and James Schirillo, of Wake Forest University, wrote in a journal news release. The new findings support "the notions of lateralized emotion and right hemispheric dominance with the right side of the brain controlling the left side of the face during emotional expression," they added.

For the study, the researchers showed study participants black-and-white profile photos. Some of the profiles were original photos, while others were mirror-reversed images. Participants rated the pleasantness of both sides of people's faces.

The results showed that the left side of both men's and women's faces were more aesthetically pleasing. This was true for the original photos as well as the mirror-reversed images.

Because people's pupils enlarge or dilate in response to interesting stimuli, the researchers confirmed their findings by measuring participants' pupil sizes. They found pupil size increased along with pleasantness ratings.

More information

The American Psychological Association has more about facial expressions.


Source: health.msn.com

Saturday, April 28, 2012

Adjusting Your Attitude About Chronic Pain May Help You Sleep

Adjusting Your Attitude About Chronic Pain May Help You Sleep

FRIDAY, April 27 (HealthDay News) -- People with chronic pain who learn to think less about their pain may be able to sleep better, according to a new study.

They may also reduce their pain on a daily basis.

The study included 214 people with chronic jaw and face pain, often considered to be stress related. The patients were white females, whose average age was 34.

The patients filled out questionnaires about sleep quality, depression, their pain levels and emotional responses, including whether they think about their pain often or exaggerate it.

The researchers said that such negative thinking was directly linked to both poor sleep and worse pain.

"We have found that people who ruminate about their pain and have more negative thoughts about their pain don't sleep as well, and the result is they feel more pain," study leader Luis Buenaver, an assistant professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, said in a university news release.

"If cognitive behavioral therapy can help people change the way they think about their pain, they might end that vicious cycle and feel better without sleeping pills or pain medicine," he added.

The study appeared online Thursday in the journal Pain.

The findings also may apply to people with other stress-related ailments such as fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, neck and back pain, and some headaches.

"It may sound simple, but you can change the way you feel by changing the way you think," Buenaver said.

More information

The American Academy of Family Physicians has more about chronic pain.

SOURCE: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, news release, April 26, 2012


Source: health.msn.com

Taking Away Car Keys Can Be Tough for Older Drivers

Taking Away Car Keys Can Be Tough for Older Drivers

FRIDAY, April 27 (HealthDay News) -- Driving can be a major factor in elderly people's quality of life, affecting their mental health and overall well-being, an expert says.

If an older driver's diminishing abilities behind the wheel are cause for concern, the issue needs to be dealt with compassionately to preserve the person's dignity and keep them and others safe, says Dr. Kavon Young, a geriatric specialist with the Harris County Hospital District in Texas.

"Aging is a process where so many things are lost," Young said in a hospital district news release. "Part of what seniors try to hold onto is their independence -- the independence to make decisions about their health, their future and their driving. To them, driving is more than a way to get from one place to another."

Being forced to hang up the car keys can harm a senior's self-esteem and may trigger depression, anxiety and loneliness, Young said. In some cases, a person may feel isolated and not want to keep up with their medical care.

"A lot of factors ... go into discussing driving with seniors because the goal is to maintain their dignity in the process. These are adults and should be treated as such," said Young, an assistant professor in the division of geriatric and palliative medicine at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.

If you're concerned about an elderly loved one's ability to drive safely, have an open and honest talk about driving and safety concerns, Young suggested. Most seniors will limit their driving if they don't feel safe, but some may not be aware of vision and memory deficits, and will not restrict their driving.

Young said signs that an elderly person's driving could be cause for concern include: longer drive times for short distances; not obeying traffic signs; forgetting destinations or locations; hitting curbs; and being angry or anxious when driving.

"Start the discussion early and agree that you won't make a decision based on one particular event," Young said. "Having this agreement will take the pressure off the senior. Sometimes family members or caregivers get upset and decide to stop all driving privileges, which can be traumatic for the senior."

In cases where an elderly person's driving abilities are a concern, you can suggest that they limit drives to short distances; drive only to familiar places; avoid driving at night; avoid driving during bad weather; and make use of a chauffeur list that includes family and friends.

More information

The U.S. National Institute on Aging has more about older drivers.


Source: health.msn.com

Friday, April 27, 2012

Heavy Sleep

America's obesity epidemic isn't just due to how much time people spend eating. The time we spend avoiding sleep may also play a role!

While waistlines across the country are expanding, the amount of shut-eye most Americans get is shrinking. Some estimates suggest that more than 50 million American adults sleep less than 6 hours a night. According to a new paper in the American Journal of Human Biology, sleep deprivation could be linked to obesity, heart disease, and other chronic health problems.

When you spend more time awake, you simply have more hours in the day for eating. But people who don't get enough sleep may also make less of the hormone leptin, which helps us feel full, and more of the hormone ghrelin, which increases our appetite. Sleep-deprived people may also have other hormonal changes that set the stage for diabetes, which then raises the risk of heart disease.

In our fast-paced, 24-hour society, we often ignore our bodies' need for rest. But experts are learning that sleep plays a vital role in our health just like a good diet and regular exercise. If you're often tired during the day, setting aside more time at night for sleep can help you feel mentally sharp and, perhaps, more physically fit.

I'm Dr. Cindy Haines of HealthDay TV, bringing you the health news that your doctors are reading.

Source

Research Gets Closer to Genetic Roots of Glaucoma

Research Gets Closer to Genetic Roots of Glaucoma

FRIDAY, April 27 (HealthDay News) -- Two genetic variations are linked to a common form of glaucoma, known as primary open-angle glaucoma, according to new research.

Glaucoma affects about 2.2 million people in the United States, the U.S. National Eye Institute said in a news release.

"Loss of vision from glaucoma, a common cause of blindness worldwide, is due to irreversible damage to the optic nerve," noted one expert, Dr. Mark Fromer, an ophthalmologist at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City. "Glaucoma is usually associated with high eye pressure leading to optic nerve damage. There is also a form of glaucoma with normal pressure."

In the new study, Janey Wiggs, of Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary in Boston, and colleagues analyzed the DNA sequences of more than 6,000 people. Half of them had primary open-angle glaucoma. This form of the disease is typically associated with increased eye pressure, but one-third of these patients had normal-pressure glaucoma.

The study, published online April 26 in PLoS Genetics, found that two genetic variations were linked with primary open-angle glaucoma, including those who have normal-pressure glaucoma.

One variant is in a gene located on chromosome 9. The second variant is in a region of chromosome 8, where it may affect the expression of one or two other genes. These genes may interact with a molecule that regulates cell growth and survival throughout the body, the researchers explained in the news release.

The investigators believe future studies could focus on this molecule as a treatment for various forms of glaucoma.

Fromer concurred. "These results reveal new insights into the genetic pathways of optic nerve disease in glaucoma for the first time and are an important step toward the development of preventative and protective therapies," he said.

More information

The U.S. National Library of Medicine has more about glaucoma.

SOURCE: U.S. National Eye Institute, news release, April 26, 2012; Mark Fromer, M.D., ophthalmologist, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York City


Source: health.msn.com

Could This ‘Switch’ Repair Damaged Hearts?

Could This ‘Switch’ Repair Damaged Hearts?

Damaged hearts can be repaired using genetic "master switches" that convert scar tissue into muscle, research has shown.

The technique, demonstrated in mice, could lead to new treatments for heart attack survivors in the next decade, say scientists.

Scar tissue left by a heart attack can weaken the heart, making it incapable of pumping blood efficiently and leading to heart failure.

The debilitating condition, suffered by 900,000 people in the UK and 23m worldwide, causes exhaustion with even the slightest physical effort and may ultimately contribute to death.

Several groups of scientists are investigating the use of stem cells, immature cells with more than one development pathway, to rebuild scar-ridden hearts. But the new research points to a simpler method of turning scar tissue into functioning heart muscle without stem cell transplants.

Scientists in the US used microRNAs, small genetic molecules that serve as master regulators controlling the activity of multiple genes.

They identified a particular combination of three microRNAs that appeared to convert scar tissue cells called fibroblasts into heart muscle cells.

When the microRNAs were delivered into fibroblasts in the laboratory, the reprogrammed cells began to transform into the cardiomyocytes that make up heart muscle.

The same conversion was achieved in living mice, indicating that it had therapeutic potential.

Lead scientist Professor Victor Dzau, from Duke University Medical Centre in Durham, North Carolina, said: "Researchers have tried various approaches, including the use of stem cells, to regenerate damaged heart muscle tissue.

"This is the first study to use microRNA, which are small molecules that control gene expression, to reprogramme fibroblasts into heart muscle cells. We have not only shown evidence of this tissue regeneration in cell cultures, but also in mice."

He added: "This is a significant finding with many therapeutic implications.

"If you can do this in the heart, you can do it in the brain, the kidneys and other tissues. This is a whole new way of regenerating tissue."

The team, whose results are reported in the journal Circulation Research, now plans to see whether microRNAs can repair damaged hearts in larger animals. If these studies prove successful, human trials will follow.

Prof Dzau believes microRNA injections could prove a viable treatment for heart attack patients in years to come.

"If everything comes to fruition, I think we will see this as a therapy in the next decade," he said. "Conceivably, we'll use it to regenerate hearts damaged by heart attacks, avoiding heart failure and saving lives."

  • Foods That Ward Off Heart Disease

    Eat yourself to a healthy heart with these cardiovascular-friendly foods.

  • Oats

    Oats contain beta glucan, a soluble fibre that helps reduce cholesterol levels, especially LDL (bad cholesterol), which damage the heart.

  • Green Leafy Vegetables

    Green leafy vegetables like spinach, fenugreek, pak choy, radish leaves, lettuce are known to reduce the risk of heart disease as they are rich sources of folic acid, magnesium, calcium and potassium - the essential minerals for keeping the heart functioning properly. Studies have shown that one daily serving of green leafy vegetables can lower the risk of heart disease by 11%.

  • Tofu

    Soy is a healthy protein alternative to red meat, as it has a low saturated fat content, no cholesterol and even increases your HDL 'good' cholesterol, which is good news for your heart.

  • Tomato

    Regular consumption of tomatoes is known to reduce the risk of heart disease, as they contain a rich source of vitamin K, which help prevent hemorrhages.

  • Wholegrains

    Wholegrains contain high levels of vitamin E, iron, magnesium and a host of anti-oxidants, which are all beneficial to the heart as they help reduce blood pressure.

  • Apples

    Apples contain guercetin, a photochemical containing anti-inflammatory properties, vital for keeping blood clots at bay, which can lead to heart attacks.

  • Almonds

    Almonds, when eaten in moderation, are known to lower cholesterol levels as they contain monosaturate fats (the 'good' fats), as well as vitamin B17, vitamin E and minerals like magnesium, iron and zinc.

  • Red Wine

    Red wine (when drank in moderation) can be good for the heart as it contains a powerful antioxidant called resveratrol, which helps prevent damage to blood vessels, reduces "bad" cholesterol and prevents blood clots.


Contribute to this Story:



Source: www.huffingtonpost.co.uk

Thursday, April 26, 2012

Anti-Smoking TV Ads From Tobacco Industry Don't Help

THURSDAY, April 26 (HealthDay News) -- While anti-tobacco TV ads help reduce adult smoking, some ads work better than others, a new study says.

Researchers compared adults' smoking behaviors and their exposure to anti-tobacco TV ads in the top 75 U.S. media markets from 1999 to 2007. The ads were sponsored by states, private foundations, drug companies that were marketing smoking-cessation products and the tobacco industry.

The results showed that smoking rates were lower and more smokers said they intended to quit in markets where there was higher exposure to state-sponsored anti-tobacco ads, said study lead author Sherry Emery, a senior scientist at the Institute for Health Research and Policy of the University of Illinois at Chicago.

Higher exposure to state-sponsored, private-foundation and drug-company ads was associated with less smoking. Higher exposure to tobacco-industry ads was associated with more smoking.

"On the surface, the tobacco-industry ads were mostly anti-smoking and a little corporate promotion, but they weren't promoting the act of smoking," Emery said in a university news release. "But the effect of the ads is that they are associated with more smoking."

Emery and her colleagues were surprised by the finding that smokers in areas with more ads for smoking-cessation products were less likely to make an attempt to quit.

"Since we looked at the total amount of exposure to anti-smoking campaigns -- and the campaigns are very different -- our data suggests that it may not matter what you say to people, just that you're saying it a lot," Emery said.

The study was published in the April issue of the American Journal of Public Health.

More information

The American Cancer Society offers a guide to quitting smoking.

Source

Battling the Bullying of an Autistic Child

Battling the Bullying of an Autistic Child
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Source: health.msn.com

Wednesday, April 25, 2012

Air Quality Improving in Many U.S. Cities: Report

Air Quality Improving in Many U.S. Cities: Report

WEDNESDAY, April 25 (HealthDay News) -- Air quality in America's most polluted cities has improved significantly over the past decade, according to a new report from the American Lung Association.

Even Los Angeles, famous for its morning smog, is the cleanest it's been in 13 years, the association noted. Santa Fe, N.M. leads the pack, having been ranked as the cleanest city in the nation.

Despite progress in reducing the level of smog and soot in the air, the "State of the Air" report warned that unhealthy levels of air pollution still persist around the country.

"'State of the Air' shows that we're making real and steady progress in cutting dangerous pollution from the air we breathe," Charles Connor, president and CEO of the American Lung Association, said in an association news release. "We owe this to the ongoing protection of the Clean Air Act. But despite these improvements, America's air quality standards are woefully outdated, and unhealthy levels of air pollution still exist across the nation, putting the health of millions of Americans at stake."

In rating the air quality in cities and counties around the country, the lung association takes into account the color-coded Air Quality Index developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which alerts the public about unhealthy air conditions. The report, released Wednesday, also used data collected by the EPA from 2008 to 2010 on ozone and particle pollution.

The report found drastic improvements in 18 of the 25 cities most polluted by ozone. Nine out of the top 10 cities most polluted by ozone were in California. Topping the list was Los Angeles, although it showed the lowest smog levels since the report was first published back in 2000.

Particle pollution also dropped significantly in 17 of the 25 most polluted cities, including Los Angeles, Pittsburgh and Cincinnati. This mix of microscopic bits of ash, soot, diesel exhaust, chemicals, metals and aerosols can lead to early death, heart attacks and strokes.

Four cities -- Pittsburgh, San Diego, Philadelphia and Visalia, Calif. -- dropped to their lowest levels of short-term particle pollution on record, the report noted. Birmingham, Ala., Detroit and York, Pa., dropped off the list of the 25 most polluted cities entirely -- a first for all three.

The lung association cautioned that much work remains to be done to improve air quality in the United States. Forty percent of Americans, or 127 million people, live in areas where air pollution poses a threat to their health. These people are at greater risk for wheezing and coughing, asthma attacks, heart attacks, and premature death, the report noted.

Infants, children, seniors and anyone with lung diseases, heart disease or diabetes are most vulnerable to the harmful effects of air pollution. Those with low incomes or jobs that require them to work outside are also at greater risk.

The report revealed that 38.5 percent of Americans live in counties that received an "F" for air quality because of unhealthy levels of ozone air pollution, which can cause chronic health problems. Meanwhile, almost 50 million people in the United States live in counties with unhealthy surges in particle pollution levels. Year-round particle pollution threatens another 6 million Americans.

The standards set under the Clean Air Act are a driving force behind the improvement in air quality in the United States, according to the lung association. The legislation aims to clean up major sources of air pollution such as coal-fired power plants and diesel engines to reduce the amount of ozone and particle pollution in the air. The EPA estimated that cutting air pollution through this measure would prevent at least 230,000 deaths and save $2 trillion annually by 2020.

The report warned, however, that the positive trend in U.S. air quality will not continue if opponents of the Clean Air Act gain the upper hand on Capitol Hill.

"We still need to fulfill the promise of clean, healthy air for everyone, and that can only become a reality through the full implementation of the Clean Air Act. The American Lung Association strongly opposes any efforts to weaken, delay, or undermine the protective standards the law provides," said Connor. "The American Lung Association has been leading the fight for clean air for decades, and we are as determined as ever to give every American the clean air they deserve to breathe every day."

More information

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has more on air pollution.


Source: health.msn.com

Stroke Protection

When you reach into the dairy refrigerator at the supermarket, the choice you make could help protect your brain.

Strokes are a major source of death and disability in the United States. Fortunately, we can take many actions to protect ourselves from having one. Today's news from the journal Stroke brings yet another helpful way.

Researchers asked nearly 75,000 men and women about their usual diet, then followed them for about 10 years. During this time, the group had more than 4,000 strokes. However, those who ate and drank the most low-fat dairy foods were 12 percent less likely to have a stroke than those who had the least.

How could low-fat dairy protect your brain? The answer may surprise you. The researchers suspect it has to do with blood pressure. Having high blood pressure makes you more likely to have a stroke. But drinking low-fat milk and eating low-fat cheese and other dairy foods may help bring down high blood pressure.

Lowering your risk of stroke by 12 percent is a smart move, but you can go much further to protect yourself. While you're at the grocery store, be sure to toss lots of fruits and vegetables and whole-grain foods into your cart and leave the salty, heavily processed foods on the shelf.

I'm Dr. Cindy Haines of HealthDay TV, with the news that doctors are reading; health news that matters to you.

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Tuesday, April 24, 2012

Dark Chocolate May Lower Risk of Heart Disease

TUESDAY, April 24 (HealthDay News) -- Dark chocolate may lower your risk of heart disease by lowering levels of blood glucose and bad cholesterol while boosting levels of good cholesterol, a small new study suggests.

Chocolate contains compounds called flavanols, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Previous research has shown a link between flavanol intake and risk for cardiovascular disease.

In this study, San Diego State University researchers assigned 31 people to consume 50 grams per day of either dark chocolate (70 percent cocoa) or white chocolate (0 percent cocoa). Dark chocolate was used because it has higher flavanol levels than milk chocolate.

The participants' blood pressure, forearm skin blood flow, circulating lipid (fat) profiles and blood glucose levels were recorded before and after they consumed the chocolate for 15 days.

The tests revealed that those who ate dark chocolate had lower levels of blood glucose and "bad" low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and higher levels of "good" high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol than those who ate white chocolate.

The study is scheduled to be presented today at the Experimental Biology 2012 meeting in San Diego. Research presented at meetings should be viewed as preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed medical journal.

Despite these and other findings that dark chocolate may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, the researchers said chocolate must be eaten in moderation because of its saturated fat and caloric content.

It's estimated that the typical American consumes more than 10 pounds of chocolate a year.

More information

The U.S. National Institutes of Health has more about chocolate and health.

SOURCE: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, news release, April 24, 2012

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Migraine Guidelines: What Works, What Doesn't

MONDAY, April 23 (HealthDay News) -- Dozens of medications are available to prevent debilitating migraine headaches, but most migraine sufferers don't use them, a new study finds.

"Approximately 40 percent of people with migraines need preventive treatment, and only about one-third of them are actually getting it," said Dr. Stephen D. Silberstein, co-author of new guidelines developed by the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society.

The drugs include prescription, over-the-counter and herbal medications. Which will work best "depends on the patient," said Silberstein, director of the Jefferson Headache Center at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia.

The guidelines, published in the April 24 issue of Neurology, were scheduled for presentation at the academy's annual meeting in New Orleans, April 21 to 28.

Dr. Brian M. Grosberg, director of the Montefiore Headache Center in New York City, said recent studies have shown that preventive treatment is underutilized by both patients and their physicians.

"Although there is no cure for migraine, preventive medications can decrease migraine occurrence by 50 percent or more, as well as reduce the severity and duration of headaches that do occur," said Grosberg, who was not involved with writing the guidelines.

Most preventive treatments are taken daily day, unlike medications taken to relieve the pain and other symptoms of a migraine attack once it occurs.

According to the American Academy of Neurology, migraines were the cause of more than 3 million emergency room visits in the United States in 2008. Symptoms can include throbbing or pulsing in one area of the head, nausea, vomiting and extreme sensitivity to light and sound. Migraine attacks are more common in women, and may last for hours or days.

The new guidelines include information from 29 studies published between 1999 and 2009 that describe effective preventive treatments for migraine. They state that:

  • Among prescription drugs, strong evidence shows that anti-epileptic drugs such as Depakote (divalproex sodium), Topamax (topiramate) and sodium valproate as well as the blood pressure drugs metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol), propranolol (Inderal) and timolol (Blocadren) -- which belong to the class of medications known as beta blockers -- reduce the number of migraine attacks and their severity.
  • The seizure drug lamotrigine (Lamictal) was not shown to prevent migraine.
  • Frova (frovatriptan), one of a class of drugs originally developed to treat migraines, seems to be effective against menstrual-related migraines.
  • The antidepressant Effexor (venlafaxine) appears to have some preventive benefit.
  • Over-the-counter drugs Motrin (ibuprofen) and Aleve (naproxen) as well as riboflavin (vitamin B2) and the herb butterbur may also play a role in prevention.

Silberstein said that that if all the drugs work equally well, people should consider other diseases the drugs treat and use any side effects to your advantage.

If you're obese, for example, Topamax might be your best bet as a side effect is weight loss, he said.

People with epilepsy should consider Depakote and those with depression an antidepressant such as Effexor, he noted.

Grosberg said patients should discuss the options with their doctor. "There are many effective preventive strategies. It's important that the headache sufferer and treating physician work together to find the optimal treatment approach," said Grosberg.

"The preventive strategy should always be tailored to the individual patient, bearing in mind personal preference, co-existing medical conditions, frequency of dosing and cost, as well as other factors," he added.

Silberstein added that even people who take over-the-counter or herbal treatments should see their doctor for follow-up because all medications can cause side effects or interact with other drugs.

More information

The American Academy of Neurology has more on the new migraine guidelines.

SOURCES: Stephen D. Silberstein, M.D., director, Jefferson Headache Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia; Brian M. Grosberg, M.D., associate professor, neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and director, Montefiore Headache Center, New York City; April 24, 2012, Neurology

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Monday, April 23, 2012

Wife's Breast Cancer Can Hurt Husband's Health Too: Study

MONDAY, April 23 (HealthDay News) -- The stress of caring for a wife with breast cancer can harm a man's health, and this effect can continue for years after her treatment ends, new research says.

The Ohio State University study of 32 men found that those who had the highest levels of stress related to their wives' cancer were most likely to have physical symptoms -- such as headaches and abdominal pain -- and weaker immune responses.

Previous research has suggested that people with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to infection and might not respond well to vaccines.

The median age of the men in the study was 58, and they had been married for an average of 26 years.

"Guilt, depression, fear of loss -- all of those things are stressful. And this is not an acute stressor that lasts a few weeks; it's a chronic stress that lasts for years," study co-author Kristen Carpenter, a postdoctoral researcher in psychology, said in a university news release.

The findings, published in the journal Brain, Behavior and Immunity, suggest that doctors caring for breast cancer patients could help their patients by considering their caregivers' health, too, the researchers said.

This could include screening caregivers for stress symptoms and encouraging them to participate in stress management, relaxation or other self-care therapies.

"If you care for the caregiver, your patient gets better care too," Carpenter said.

"Caregivers are called hidden patients because when they go in for appointments with their spouses, very few people ask how the caregiver is doing," study author Sharla Wells-Di Gregorio, an assistant professor of psychiatry and psychology, said in the news release. "These men are experiencing significant distress and physical complaints, but often do not seek medical care for themselves due to their focus on their wives' illness."

More information

Men Against Breast Cancer provides resources for men caring for women with breast cancer.

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Use Herbal Acne Lotions To Help Cure Your Acne Problems

Use Herbal Acne Lotions To Help Cure Your Acne Problems
There are different types of acne lotions available in the market today. However, the herbal lotions provide the best possible results for all your acne problems.
Source: EzineArticles.com

Eric J. Hall: Pat Summitt's Candor Is a 'Win' for Young-Onset Alzheimer's Disease

Eric J. Hall: Pat Summitt's Candor Is a 'Win' for Young-Onset Alzheimer's Disease

What President Reagan did for Alzheimer's disease in general, legendary basketball coach Pat Summitt is doing for early onset dementia-Alzheimer's type in particular. Every time news hits about Summitt -- not about her victories with the University of Tennessee women's basketball team, but about her fight with dementia -- it's a win for the cause.

The "win" couldn't have come at a better time, as the government is crafting the first-ever national plan to address Alzheimer's disease. The plan includes long-overdue attention to young-onset Alzheimer's disease, a rare form of the brain disorder that affects people under age 65, even those in their 30s and 40s.

The nation's view of Summitt as someone more than a sport legend began last May when the Hall-of-Famer, at the age of 58, announced that she had been diagnosed with early-onset dementia of the Alzheimer's type (also called young-onset Alzheimer's disease) and again this past week not once, but twice. First, when the University of Tennessee announced that Summitt would be stepping down from her 38-year reign as head coach of the Lady Vols to become head coach emeritus, and second, when President Obama disclosed that he will be awarding her the Presidential Medal of Freedom later this year.

The president was right on the mark as he alluded to Summitt's readiness "to speak so openly and courageously about her battle with Alzheimer's disease." Her candor is akin to moving the disease from the bleachers to courtside.

Summitt's son, Tyler, in a heartfelt guest column in the spring 2012 issue of care ADvantage, a caregiver magazine published by the Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA), noted that the first month post-diagnosis "... was sad ... However, once we came to terms with it, we picked ourselves up and developed a game plan."

A huge part of their proactive agenda is working on the coach's mental, physical and spiritual health. An even huger part is being public about her illness.

"We knew that God had something bigger in store for my mom than just coaching basketball," wrote the 21-year-old college student, who is assisting his mother with the newly-formed Pat Summitt Foundation.

It can take a lot to be candid about the disease, whether a celebrity or not. And especially when the disease strikes at a younger age; young-onset Alzheimer's disease currently affects about a half million of the estimated 5.1 million Americans with Alzheimer's disease, and it is often less likely to be properly diagnosed.

Stigma and denial continue to surround the brain disorder, stifling the willingness of people to admit to warning signs and to discuss concerns with their families and friends, let alone their doctors. Research shows general practitioners miss about 50 percent of all cases of dementia.

Reversing this negativity is crucial to quality of life. Available medications, lifestyle changes, caregiver support services and the ability to do long-term planning are lifelines for coping with this terminal disease. And they can only kick in when a family acknowledges, confirms and confronts the horrific beast before them.

Summitt's emergence as a role model, particularly for the young-onset population, comes at a critical time for the cause. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is working toward a mid-May release of its national Alzheimer's plan, which includes the goal of preventing and effectively treating Alzheimer's disease by 2025. This past week, the HHS-appointed Advisory Council on Research, Care and Services approved comprehensive recommendations that it hopes will be folded into the historic plan.

Worthy of note, the recommendations position young-onset Alzheimer's disease front and center. For example, in suggesting that HHS kick off a nationwide public awareness campaign to increase awareness and to promote early detection of Alzheimer's disease, the council emphasizes that the campaign should include "specific efforts in diverse communities and populations, including younger-onset individuals and persons with intellectual disabilities."

Further, recommendations include opening the floodgates so that younger individuals are not aged out of federal benefits for Americans 65-plus. Among them, it calls for special and emerging populations of people with Alzheimer's disease, including younger people and people with developmental disabilities such as Down syndrome, to have access to long-term support services, and that these supports are tailored accordingly. It further calls for expanding Older Americans Title III services, such as respite care and adult day services, to the young-onset population.

As disheartening as it was to hear that Summitt had been diagnosed, just like it is for each and every person -- well-known or not -- who faces the same fate, the silver lining in the cloud appears when greater good can result.

For more by Eric J. Hall, click here.

For more on Alzheimer's, click here.


Source: www.huffingtonpost.com

Shingles Vaccine Safe, Underutilized, Study Says

MONDAY, April 23 (HealthDay News) -- The shingles vaccine is generally safe and well tolerated by patients, according to a new study.

Shingles, which affects more than 1 million people each year in the United States, is a painful contagious rash caused by the dormant chickenpox virus, which can reactivate and replicate, damaging the nervous system.

Elderly people are especially at risk because immunity against the virus that causes shingles declines with age.

In this study, researchers looked at data from more than 193,000 adults 50 and older who received the shingles vaccine, also known as the herpes zoster vaccine, over two years. There was a small increased risk of local reactions (redness and pain) from one to seven days after vaccination. This finding matches the results of clinical trials.

The shingles vaccine did not increase the risk for cerebrovascular diseases; cardiovascular diseases; meningitis, encephalitis, and encephalopathy; Ramsay-Hunt syndrome; or Bell's palsy, the researchers said.

The study was published online April 23 in the Journal of Internal Medicine.

The study supports the vaccination recommendation from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices "and reassures the general public that the vaccine is safe," study author Hung Fu Tseng, a research scientist with the Kaiser Permanente in Pasadena, Calif., said in a Kaiser news release.

Few people received the vaccine, which was licensed in 2006, the news release said. The CDC recommends it for healthy people aged 60 and older.

More information

The U.S. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke has more about shingles.

Credit